DIM, Male Hormones and Prostate CancerĭIM has been directly studied as an anti-androgen supplement that can prevent the proliferation of androgen-dependent prostate cancer. Research suggests that DIM preferentially promotes the metabolism of estrogen to the less harmful, and less active 2-hydroxyestrone form. In contrast to 2OHE1, 16OHE1 is highly estrogenic and has been found to stimulate the proliferation of several estrogen-sensitive cancer cell lines. This endogenous estrogen can either be metabolized to 16alpha-hydroxyestrone (16OHE1) or 2-hydroxyestrone (2OHE1). DIM and Estrogen Balanceīoth males and females produce estrogen naturally in their bodies, although women produce significantly higher levels. It has also been implicated in down-regulating genes required for breast cancer metastasis, although I3C has been studied in far greater detail for this activity. Emerging evidence has shown that exposure of human cancer cells to I3C or DIM triggers transcriptional, cell signaling, enzymatic, and metabolic changes that directly lead to the stoppage of replication and/or apoptosis (regulated cell death). DIM and Cancerĭiindolylmethane has been associated with potent anti-cancer effects in several cancers including: lung, liver, colon, cervical, endometrial, prostate, and breast cancer. Further research is required to confirm these results before attributing all of the beneficial effects of I3C to DIM. Recent research has implied that benefits previously attributed to I3C may actually be the result of DIM created through conversion in the digestive tract. This chemical is more shelf-stable and more easily absorbed in the digestive tract than I3C. DIM and I3CĭIM is a natural diindole condensation product of I3C created during digestion in the presence of sufficient stomach acid. There is also preliminary research implicating DIM as an immunomodulating supplement against auto-immune disease, although further research is required. Both I3C and DIM are being examined in clinical trials for their treatment of various types of cancer. Part of this effect is likely due to DIM's role in estrogen metabolism balance in the body (see below). Increased dietary intake of this family of foods has been associated with lowered risk of cancers of all types, particularly those with a hormonal influence on proliferation. Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a natural condensation product of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), which is found in cruciferous (Brassica family) vegetables such as cauliflower, cabbage, cress, bok choy, broccoli, kale, and similar green leaf vegetables.
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